{"id":21021921,"date":"2019-12-10T13:49:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-10T12:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/znanost.geek.hr\/?p=21021921"},"modified":"2020-10-15T16:04:35","modified_gmt":"2020-10-15T14:04:35","slug":"mikroskopska-struktura-ljudskih-suza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/clanak\/mikroskopska-struktura-ljudskih-suza\/","title":{"rendered":"Mikroskopska struktura ljudskih suza"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Fotografkinja Rose Lynn Fisher provela je projekt pod nazivom \u201eTopografija suza\u201c. Uz pomo\u0107 mo\u0107nog mikroskopa dala nam je neo\u010dekivan pogled na strukturu ljudskih suza.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_210221\" style=\"width: 621px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-210221\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21022193\" alt=\"fisher_timelessreunion\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2013\/12\/fisher_timelessreunion.jpg\" width=\"611\" height=\"424\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2013\/12\/fisher_timelessreunion.jpg 611w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2013\/12\/fisher_timelessreunion-300x208.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 611px) 100vw, 611px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-210221\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photographer Rose-Lynn Fisher captures tears of grief, joy, laughter and irritation in extreme detail. Above: Tears of timeless reunion, photo \u00a9 Rose-Lynn Fisher, courtesy of the artist and Craig Krull Gallery, Santa Monica, CA<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_21022195\" style=\"width: 621px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21022195\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21022195\" alt=\"Tears of change, photo \u00a9 Rose-Lynn Fisher, courtesy of the artist and Craig Krull Gallery, Santa Monica, CA\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2013\/12\/fisher_tearsofchange.jpg\" width=\"611\" height=\"458\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2013\/12\/fisher_tearsofchange.jpg 611w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2013\/12\/fisher_tearsofchange-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 611px) 100vw, 611px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-21022195\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tears of change, photo \u00a9 Rose-Lynn Fisher, courtesy of the artist and Craig Krull Gallery, Santa Monica, CA<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_21022196\" style=\"width: 621px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21022196\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21022196\" alt=\"Tears of ending and beginning, photo \u00a9 Rose-Lynn Fisher, courtesy of the artist and Craig Krull Gallery, Santa Monica, CA\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2013\/12\/fisher_tearsofendingbeginning.jpg\" width=\"611\" height=\"458\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2013\/12\/fisher_tearsofendingbeginning.jpg 611w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2013\/12\/fisher_tearsofendingbeginning-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 611px) 100vw, 611px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-21022196\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tears of ending and beginning, photo \u00a9 Rose-Lynn Fisher, courtesy of the artist and Craig Krull Gallery, Santa Monica, CA<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_21022197\" style=\"width: 621px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21022197\" class=\"size-full wp-image-21022197\" alt=\"Tears of grief, photo \u00a9 Rose-Lynn Fisher, courtesy of the artist and Craig Krull Gallery, Santa Monica, CA\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2013\/12\/fisher_tearsofgrief.jpg\" width=\"611\" height=\"460\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2013\/12\/fisher_tearsofgrief.jpg 611w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2013\/12\/fisher_tearsofgrief-300x226.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 611px) 100vw, 611px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-21022197\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tears of grief, photo \u00a9 Rose-Lynn Fisher, courtesy of the artist and Craig Krull Gallery, Santa Monica, CA<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u201eZapo\u010dela sam projekt prije otprilike 5 godina, tijekom perioda obilatog suzama, usred vremena mnogih promjena i gubitaka \u2013 pa sam imala vi\u0161ka sirovog materijala\u201c, zapo\u010dinje Fisher, koja je poznata po prethodnim projektima \u2013 poput mikroskopom fotografirane p\u010dele ili fragmenta svoje vlastite kosti kuka koja je uklonjena tijekom operacije. Shvatila je da \u201esve \u0161to vidimo oko sebe samo je vrh ledenog brijega\u201c, aludiraju\u0107i time na velik broj vizualnih karakteristika koje ne opa\u017eamo golim okom. U jednom od takvih trenutaka promi\u0161ljanja, pomislila je: \u201eKako bi izgledala suza?\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Uhvatila je jednu os svojih suza, osu\u0161ila je i promotrila pod mikroskopom: \u201e\u0160to je bilo vrlo zanimljivo \u2013 suza je izgledala kao da odozgo, iz zrakoplova gledam na neki krajolik\u201c, nastavlja Fisher. \u201eS vremenom sam se po\u010dela pitati bi li se suza tuge razlikovala od suze sre\u0107e? I kako bi one izgledale u odnosu na suzu koja je izazvana isparavanjima iz luka dok ga sjeckamo.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Ovo je razmi\u0161ljanje zavr\u0161ilo vi\u0161egodi\u0161njim fotografskim projektom u kojem je Fisher prikupila, osu\u0161ila, istra\u017eila i fotografirala vi\u0161e od 100 suza \u2013 svojih i tu\u0111ih (\u010dak i suzu novoro\u0111en\u010deta).<\/p>\n<p>Znanstveno govore\u0107i, suze dijelimo na tri tipa, s obzirom na uzroke koji ih izazivaju. Suze tuge i suze sre\u0107e su psihi\u010dke, emocionalne suze nastale zbog ekstremnih emocija, negativnih ili pozitivnih. Bazi\u010dne suze neprestano se otpu\u0161taju u malim koli\u010dinama (otprilike 0,75 do 1,1 gr kroz 24 sata) kako bi ro\u017enica bila vla\u017ena. Refleksne suze izlu\u010duju se kao odgovor na iritaciju, poput pra\u0161ine, isparavanja luka i suzavca.<\/p>\n<p>Sve suze sadr\u017ee odre\u0111enu koli\u010dinu biolo\u0161kih supstanci (uklju\u010duju\u0107i i ulja, antitijela i enzime) u slanoj vodi, no kako ih je Fisher vidjela \u2013 suze iz razli\u010ditih kategorija imaju posebne molekule. Npr. emocionalne suze sadr\u017ee hormone na bazi proteina poput neurotransmitera leucine enkephalina, prirodnog sredstva za ubla\u017eavanje bolova koji se otpu\u0161ta kad je tijelo izlo\u017eeno stresu.<\/p>\n<p>Strukture koje se vide ispod mikroskopa, ve\u0107inom su kristalizirane soli, ali ako promijenimo uvjete pod kojim se suze su\u0161e, oni mogu dovesti do drasti\u010dno razli\u010ditih oblika i formacija. Prema tome, dvije emocionalne suze s istim kemijskim sastavom pod mikroskopom mogu biti jako razli\u010dite. \u201ePostoji mnogo varijabli koje utje\u010du na krajnji izgled suze \u2013 kemijski sastav, viskoznost, na\u010din su\u0161enja i koli\u010dina isparavanja, te postavke mikroskopa\u201c, ka\u017ee Fisher i nastavlja: \u201eNevjerojatno je kako su uzorci u prirodi tako sli\u010dni, bez obzira na veli\u010dinu. Mo\u017ee\u0161 pogledati uzorke erozije tla koja se odvijala preko tisu\u0107u godina, a one nekako jako sli\u010de razgranatom uzorku osu\u0161ene suze, koji je nastao u par trenutaka.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Intenzivno prou\u010davanje suza kroz ovako duga\u010dak period naveo je Fisher da na suze gleda kao na ne\u0161to vi\u0161e od pukih slanih izlu\u010devina koje lu\u010dimo u te\u0161kim emocionalnim trenucima. \u201eSuze su medij na\u0161eg najprimitivnijeg jezika u trenucima neumitnih poput smrti ili osnovnih poput gladi. Ponekad se \u010dini kao da svaka na\u0161a suza nosi mikrokozmos prikupljenog ljudskog iskustva, poput jedne kapi u oceanu.\u201c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><em>Izvor: <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.smithsonianmag.com\/ist\/?next=\/artscience\/2013\/11\/the-microscopic-structures-of-dried-human-tears\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SmithsonianMag<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fotografkinja Rose Lynn Fisher provela je projekt pod nazivom \u201eTopografija suza\u201c. Uz pomo\u0107 mo\u0107nog mikroskopa dala nam je neo\u010dekivan pogled na strukturu ljudskih suza. \u201eZapo\u010dela sam projekt prije otprilike 5 godina, tijekom perioda obilatog suzama, usred vremena mnogih promjena i gubitaka \u2013 pa sam imala vi\u0161ka sirovog materijala\u201c, zapo\u010dinje Fisher, koja je poznata po prethodnim [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10022,"featured_media":21022193,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16332],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21021921","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biokemija"],"modified_by":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21021921","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10022"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21021921"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21021921\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21022193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21021921"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21021921"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21021921"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}