{"id":21024546,"date":"2015-04-07T14:06:37","date_gmt":"2015-04-07T12:06:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/znanost.geek.hr\/?p=21024546"},"modified":"2017-01-13T17:01:34","modified_gmt":"2017-01-13T16:01:34","slug":"najstariji-organizmi-na-svijetu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/clanak\/najstariji-organizmi-na-svijetu\/","title":{"rendered":"Najstariji organizmi na svijetu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ve\u0107ina biljaka i \u017eivotinja koje vidimo oko sebe mogu razviti \u201e\u017eivi brzo, umri mlad\u201d strategiju \u2013 no, postoje neke koje koriste suprotan ekstrem.<\/p>\n<p>Umjetnica Rachel Sussman provela je zadnje desetlje\u0107e tra\u017ee\u0107i individue stare vi\u0161e od 2 000 godina i fotografiraju\u0107i ih.<\/p>\n<p>Njezina nova knjiga <em>Najstarije \u017eivu\u0107e stvari na svijetu<\/em> kombinira slike, pri\u010de i na\u010dine na koje je dospjela na povu\u010dena mjesta gdje ve\u0107ina tih primjeraka obitava, te zasluge znanstvenika Carla Zimmera.<\/p>\n<p>Neke njene fotografije mo\u017eete vidjeti ovdje:<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Oldest Living Things In The World\" width=\"880\" height=\"495\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/jgspUYDwnzQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Ve\u0107ina primjeraka \u017eivi u nepristupa\u010dnom okoli\u0161u gdje nedostatak topline ili hranjivih tvari zna\u010dajno usporava rast.<\/p>\n<p>U ovoj kategoriji je biljka La Laretea (<em>Azorella compacta<\/em>) iz pustinje Atacama u Peruu. Njene guste gran\u010dice rastu samo 1,5 cm godi\u0161nje, no zato \u017eivi do 3 000 godina.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_21024548\" style=\"width: 730px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21024548\" class=\"wp-image-21024548 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/1-720x571.jpg\" alt=\"La Laterea (Image credits: Rachel Sussman)\" width=\"720\" height=\"571\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/1-720x571.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/1-300x238.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/1.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-21024548\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">La Laterea (Image credits: Rachel Sussman)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Antarkti\u010dka mahovina poput<em>\u00a0Chorisodontium aciphyllum <\/em>raste i sporije, tek nekoliko centimetara na stolje\u0107e te je o\u017eivljena nakon tisu\u0107lje\u0107a i pol, dok joj je rast zbog hladno\u0107e bio potpuno sprije\u010den.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_21024550\" style=\"width: 730px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21024550\" class=\"wp-image-21024550 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/2-720x577.jpg\" alt=\"Chorisodontium aciphyllum (Image credits: Rachel Sussman)\" width=\"720\" height=\"577\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/2-720x577.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/2-300x241.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/2.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-21024550\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chorisodontium aciphyllum (Image credits: Rachel Sussman)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Takvi oskudni uvijeti \u017eivota ne samo da zahtjevaju jako puno vremena da biljka naraste, ve\u0107 i da kreiraju okoli\u0161 u kojem \u0107e vjerojatno biti i malo predatora ili parazita.<\/p>\n<p>Neke vrste, me\u0111utim, uspiju dosti\u0107i mnogo godina tek u srednjim godinama svog \u017eivotnog vijeka, poput Tasmanijskog Huon bora (<em>Lagarostrobos franklinii<\/em>), \u010dije kolonije mogu \u017eivjeti vi\u0161e od 10 000 godina u tasmanijskim \u0161umama, iako je dob od 2 000 godina uobi\u010dajena.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_21024551\" style=\"width: 730px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21024551\" class=\"wp-image-21024551 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/3-720x590.jpg\" alt=\"Tasmanijski Huon bor (Image credits: Rachel Sussman)\" width=\"720\" height=\"590\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/3-720x590.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/3-300x246.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/3.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-21024551\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tasmanijski Huon bor (Image credits: Rachel Sussman)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Najstarija biljka koju je Sussman prona\u0161la bila je klonska kolonija drhtave jasike (<em>Populus tremuloides<\/em>) u Utahu, s jednim povezanim sustavom korijenja s tisu\u0107u stabiljaka. Dok pojedina\u010dna \u201edrve\u0107a\u201d \u017eive i umiru, korijenje \u017eivi ve\u0107 80 000 godina, \u0161to zna\u010di da korijenje potje\u010de iz sredine zadnjeg ledenog doba.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_21024552\" style=\"width: 730px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21024552\" class=\"wp-image-21024552 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/4-720x596.jpg\" alt=\"Korijenje drhtave jasike (Image credits: Rachel Sussman)\" width=\"720\" height=\"596\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/4-720x596.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/4-300x248.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/4.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-21024552\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Korijenje drhtave jasike (Image credits: Rachel Sussman)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Sussman isti\u010de da su te vrste vi\u0161e od jednostavne zanimljivosti. Smatra se da najstarije \u017eivu\u0107e bi\u0107e,\u00a0siberijska\u00a0aktinobakterija, ima otprilike 400 000 \u2013 600 000 godina. Ta bakterija dio je potrage za oblicima \u017eivota koji bi nam mogli dati dokaze o tome \u0161to mo\u017ee pre\u017eivjeti na drugim svjetovima.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_21024553\" style=\"width: 663px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21024553\" class=\"wp-image-21024553 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/5.jpg\" alt=\"Uzorak siberijske aktinobakterije (Image credits: Rachel Sussman)\" width=\"653\" height=\"580\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/5.jpg 653w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/04\/5-300x266.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 653px) 100vw, 653px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-21024553\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Uzorak siberijske aktinobakterije (Image credits: Rachel Sussman)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u0160tovi\u0161e, ve\u0107ina tih boraca pod prijetnjom je ljudske aktivnosti u jednom obliku ili drugom. Sva bi\u0107a hladne klime u opasnosti su od klimatskih promjena, dok uni\u0161tenje stani\u0161ta ili invazivna bi\u0107a prijete drugima. Huon bor bio bi blizu izumiranja da se ne vode kampanje za spas tasmanijske divljine od velikih brana. \u010cinjenica da vrste koje su tijekom svog dugog \u017eivota podnijele sve \u0161to im je priroda priredila, i po\u017eare i su\u0161e, ali su u opasnosti od ljudske aktivnosti, samo pokazuje koliko smo opasni po ranjivije vrste.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ve\u0107ina biljaka i \u017eivotinja koje vidimo oko sebe mogu razviti \u201e\u017eivi brzo, umri mlad\u201d strategiju \u2013 no, postoje neke koje koriste suprotan ekstrem. Umjetnica Rachel Sussman provela je zadnje desetlje\u0107e tra\u017ee\u0107i individue stare vi\u0161e od 2 000 godina i fotografiraju\u0107i ih. Njezina nova knjiga Najstarije \u017eivu\u0107e stvari na svijetu kombinira slike, pri\u010de i na\u010dine na [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10022,"featured_media":21024549,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16346],"tags":[18055,19204,17874,17981],"class_list":["post-21024546","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biljke-i-zivotinje","tag-biljke","tag-bor","tag-mahovina","tag-stablo"],"modified_by":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21024546","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10022"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21024546"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21024546\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21024549"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21024546"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21024546"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21024546"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}