{"id":21028911,"date":"2016-01-04T17:12:25","date_gmt":"2016-01-04T16:12:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/znanost.geek.hr\/?p=21028911"},"modified":"2017-02-06T13:12:12","modified_gmt":"2017-02-06T12:12:12","slug":"detonirajte-nuklearnu-bombu-na-internetu-naravno","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/clanak\/detonirajte-nuklearnu-bombu-na-internetu-naravno\/","title":{"rendered":"Detonirajte nuklearnu bombu (na internetu, naravno)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_21028912\" style=\"width: 530px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/nuklearna-eksplozija-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21028912\" class=\" wp-image-21028912\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/nuklearna-eksplozija-1-300x135.jpg\" alt=\"FOTO: GUARDIAN LIBERTY VOICE\" width=\"520\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/nuklearna-eksplozija-1-300x135.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/nuklearna-eksplozija-1-720x323.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/nuklearna-eksplozija-1.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-21028912\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">FOTO: GUARDIAN LIBERTY VOICE<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Iako je pro\u0161lo sedamdeset godina od prve detonacije nuklearnog oru\u017eja u sklopu projekta Manhattan, u u\u0161ima \u010dovje\u010danstva zasigurno jo\u0161 i danas odzvanjaju rije\u010di njenog tvorca, <strong>Roberta Oppenheimera<\/strong>, koji je, promatraju\u0107i prvu detonaciju na poligonu Novom Meksiku, 16. srpnja 1945. godine, i ostav\u0161i pritom u\u017easnut njenom razornom mo\u0107i, izjavio \u201ePostao sam smrt, uni\u0161titelj svjetova\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Trinity Atomic Test complete takes\" width=\"880\" height=\"660\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/7dfK9G7UDok?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">TRINITY TEST \u2013 PRVA NUKLEARNA EKSPLOZIJA (CREDIT: atomcentral)<\/p>\n<p>Navedeni citat, kojeg je Oppeheimer preuzeo iz indijskog epa <em>Mahabharata<\/em> (za kojeg se, usput re\u010deno, smatra kako, izme\u0111u ostalog, opisuje i nuklearnu eksploziju u dalekoj pro\u0161losti, no to je neka druga tema), ubrzo se preto\u010dio u gorku stvarnost nakon \u0161to su Sjedinjene Ameri\u010dke Dr\u017eave bacile dvije atomske bombe na japanske gradove Hiroshimu i Nagasaki. U trenutku su uga\u0161eni deseci tisu\u0107a \u017eivota, a razaranje je bilo neopisivo, apokalipti\u010dno u punom smislu te rije\u010di. No, patnji tu nije bio kraj, budu\u0107i da je u sljede\u0107im tjednima, mjesecima i godinama na tisu\u0107e ljudi osje\u0107alo te\u0161ke posljedice radijacije, bilo kroz radijacijsku bolest, bilo kroz kasniji razvoj zlo\u0107udnih tumora.<\/p>\n<p>Nakon \u0161to je zavr\u0161io Drugi svjetski rat, pobjednici su po\u010deli vlastitu utrku u naoru\u017eanju, gdje je posebno prednja\u010dila utrka u razvoju nuklearnog oru\u017eja, prvo kroz detonaciju atomske bombe od strane SSSR-a, a potom i jo\u0161 mo\u0107nije hidrogenske bombe. Ubrzo su se SAD-u i SSSR-u u klubu nuklearnih sila pridru\u017eile jo\u0161 neke dr\u017eave, po\u010dev\u0161i od Velike Britanije, Francuske i Kine, a potom i Indije tijekom 70-ih godina pro\u0161log stolje\u0107a, te Pakistana u drugoj polovici 90-ih godina. I druge su dr\u017eave poku\u0161ale izgraditi atomsku bombu, no izvjesno je kako su u navedenom naumu uspjeli jedino Izrael i Ju\u017enoafri\u010dka Republika, i to kroz zajedni\u010dki nuklearni program. I dok se Ju\u017enoafri\u010dka Republika odrekla svog nukearnog arsenala, Izrael ni do danas nije priznao kako posjeduje nuklearno oru\u017eje. Kona\u010dno, posljednja dr\u017eava koja je izvela nuklearne testove\u00a0je Sjeverna Koreja, i to u razdoblju od 2006. do 2013. godine.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Real Tsar Bomba Footage\" width=\"880\" height=\"660\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/V6BspF9Ie9M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">CAR BOMBA (CREDIT: CanadianForcesArmor)<\/p>\n<p>Kako bilo, razorna mo\u0107 atomske bombe je nedvojbena, pa je <strong>Alex Wellerstein<\/strong>, ina\u010de izvanredni profesor na katedri za povijest znanosti na <em>Stevens Institute of Technology<\/em>, odlu\u010dio vizualizirati kako bi izgledalo detonirati nuklearno oru\u017eje na bilo kojoj to\u010dki planeta, kroz tzv. <a href=\"http:\/\/nuclearsecrecy.com\/nukemap\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nuklearnu kartu (engl. nukemap)<\/a>. Pritom je mogu\u0107e odabrati snagu bombe u kilotonima ili pak, konkretnu nuklearnu bombu, po\u010dev\u0161i od najmanje ameri\u010dke atomske bombe kodnog naziva <em>Davy Crockett<\/em>, snage 20 kilotona, pa sve do teoretski najve\u0107e sovjetske bombe kodnog imena <em>Car bomba<\/em>, snage 100 megatona. Osim toga, mogu\u0107e je odlu\u010diti ho\u0107emo li detonirati bombu u zraku ili na povr\u0161ini, te \u017eelimo li u simulaciju uvrstiti broj \u017ertava i naknadno radioaktivno zaga\u0111enje (ovisno o smjeru vjetra koji odaberemo). Spomenimo kako je uz klasi\u010dnu nuklearnu kartu mogu\u0107e isprobati i ina\u010dicu karte u <a href=\"http:\/\/nuclearsecrecy.com\/nukemap3d\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3D izdanju<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_21028913\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/nuklearna-detonacija-zagreb.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21028913\" class=\" wp-image-21028913\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/nuklearna-detonacija-zagreb-300x114.jpg\" alt=\"FOTO: THE NUCLEAR SECRECY BLOG\" width=\"610\" height=\"232\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/nuklearna-detonacija-zagreb-300x114.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/nuklearna-detonacija-zagreb.jpg 1348w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-21028913\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">FOTO: THE NUCLEAR SECRECY BLOG<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Osim simulacija nuklearnih udara, prof. Wellerstein pozabavio se i kakav bi efekt imalo ameri\u010dko konvencionalno bombardiranje Japana tijekom Drugog svjetskog rata, ukoliko bi ga se projiciralo na istovjetne mete u SAD-u u istom razdoblju. Pritom je zanimljivo kako je Wellerstein navedenu simulaciju tek prekopirao u moderno ra\u010dunalo okru\u017eenje, budu\u0107i da je doti\u010dnu izvorno osmislio uredni\u0161tvo \u010dasopisa<em> IMPACT<\/em>, slu\u017ebenog glasila ameri\u010dke vojske. Simuacija je objavljena u broju <em>IMPACT<\/em>-a krajem 1945. godine, i to u svrhu proameri\u010dke propagande, a na temelju sli\u010dne karte Japana, koja se na\u0161la u tzv. <a href=\"https:\/\/babel.hathitrust.org\/cgi\/pt?id=mdp.39015005496537;view=1up;seq=3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Arnoldovom izvje\u0161\u0107u<\/a>.\u00a0Spomenute dijagrame\u00a0mo\u017eete pogledati u nastavku, a \u201efirebombs\u201d simulaciju mo\u017eete isprobati <a href=\"http:\/\/blog.nuclearsecrecy.com\/misc\/firebombsusa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ovdje<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_21028914\" style=\"width: 619px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/japan-firebombing.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21028914\" class=\" wp-image-21028914\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/japan-firebombing-300x104.jpg\" alt=\"FOTO: ARNOLD REPORT, THE NUCLEAR SECRECY BLOG\" width=\"609\" height=\"211\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/japan-firebombing-300x104.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/japan-firebombing-720x249.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/japan-firebombing.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 609px) 100vw, 609px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-21028914\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">FOTO: ARNOLD REPORT, THE NUCLEAR SECRECY BLOG<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_21028915\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/usa-firebombing.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-21028915\" class=\" wp-image-21028915\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/usa-firebombing-300x185.jpg\" alt=\"FOTO: IMPACT, THE NUCLEAR SECRECY BLOG\" width=\"610\" height=\"376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/usa-firebombing-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/usa-firebombing-720x444.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2015\/12\/usa-firebombing.jpg 1751w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-21028915\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">FOTO: IMPACT, THE NUCLEAR SECRECY BLOG<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Izvor:<em> The Nuclear Secrecy Blog<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Iako je pro\u0161lo sedamdeset godina od prve detonacije nuklearnog oru\u017eja u sklopu projekta Manhattan, u u\u0161ima \u010dovje\u010danstva zasigurno jo\u0161 i danas odzvanjaju rije\u010di njenog tvorca, Roberta Oppenheimera, koji je, promatraju\u0107i prvu detonaciju na poligonu Novom Meksiku, 16. srpnja 1945. godine, i ostav\u0161i pritom u\u017easnut njenom razornom mo\u0107i, izjavio \u201ePostao sam smrt, uni\u0161titelj svjetova\u201d. TRINITY TEST [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10022,"featured_media":21028912,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[19255,18629,18035],"class_list":["post-21028911","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-znanost","tag-bomba","tag-nuklearna-bomba","tag-nuklearna-eksplozija"],"modified_by":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21028911","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10022"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21028911"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21028911\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21028912"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21028911"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21028911"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21028911"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}