{"id":21029406,"date":"2016-02-01T21:54:02","date_gmt":"2016-02-01T20:54:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/znanost.geek.hr\/?p=21029406"},"modified":"2020-10-15T14:49:34","modified_gmt":"2020-10-15T12:49:34","slug":"kako-bi-izgledao-avion-koji-udaljenost-od-new-yorka-londona-moze-prevaliti-za-11-minuta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/clanak\/kako-bi-izgledao-avion-koji-udaljenost-od-new-yorka-londona-moze-prevaliti-za-11-minuta\/","title":{"rendered":"Kako bi izgledao avion koji udaljenost od New Yorka do Londona mo\u017ee prevaliti za 11 minuta?!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Napredna hipersoni\u010dna letjelica koja bi, koriste\u0107i raketne motore, uzletjela iz New Yorka na visinu od 12 km, gdje bi uklju\u010dila napredne nadzvu\u010dne motore u cilju dostizanja brzine od 20 000 km\/h (\u0161to odgovara brzini 24 macha), koji bi ju 11 minuta kasnije doveli u London, novi je projekt kanadskog izumitelja i in\u017eenjera <strong>Charlesa Bombardiera<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Navedena letjelica, radnog naziva <strong>Antipode<\/strong>, nova je ideja iz Bombardierove radionice, tek nekoliko mjeseci nakon \u0161to je doti\u010dni predstavio tzv. <strong>Skreemr<\/strong>, \u010detverokrilni hipersoni\u010dni avion (<em>scramjet<\/em>) kapaciteta 75 putnika, koji bi dostizao maksimalnu brzinu 10 macha, \u0161to je petput br\u017ee od maksimalne brzine Concordea.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 100%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-21029406 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-2.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"509\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-2-720x509.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-21029407\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-2-720x509.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-2-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-2-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-21029407'>\n\t\t\t\tFOTO: Abhishek Roy\/Lunatic Koncepts\/Imaginactive.org\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-5.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"509\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-5-720x509.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-21029408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-5-720x509.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-5-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-5-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-5.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-21029408'>\n\t\t\t\tFOTO: Abhishek Roy\/Lunatic Koncepts\/Imaginactive.org\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-1.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"509\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-1-720x509.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-21029409\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-1-720x509.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-1-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-1-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-21029409'>\n\t\t\t\tFOTO: Abhishek Roy\/Lunatic Koncepts\/Imaginactive.org\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-4.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"509\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-4-720x509.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-21029410\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-4-720x509.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-4-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-4-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-4.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-21029410'>\n\t\t\t\tFOTO: Abhishek Roy\/Lunatic Koncepts\/Imaginactive.org\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-6.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"509\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-6-720x509.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-21029411\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-6-720x509.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-6-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-6-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-6.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-21029411'>\n\t\t\t\tFOTO: Abhishek Roy\/Lunatic Koncepts\/Imaginactive.org\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-3.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"509\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-3-720x509.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-21029412\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-3-720x509.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-3-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-3-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/antipode-3.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-21029412'>\n\t\t\t\tFOTO: Abhishek Roy\/Lunatic Koncepts\/Imaginactive.org\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>Kao gorivo za navedene koristio bi se teku\u0107i kisik koji bi letjelica izdvajala direktno iz atmosfere, \u0161to bi uvelike smanilo masu navedene, a time i pove\u0107alo brzinu. Me\u0111utim, kako bi avion mogao komprimirati prikupljeni kisik, doti\u010dni se mora kretati minimalno brzinom 4 macha, \u0161to je brzina koju dosad nije postigao nijedan putni\u010dki avion.<\/p>\n<p>Iako valja naglasiti da \u010dak ni NASA nije uspjela izgraditi pouzdan <em>scramjet<\/em> sustav, Bombardier smatra da je na tragu rje\u0161enja osnovnog problema pri izgradnji <em>scramjeta<\/em>, koji se ogleda u pretjeranom zagrijavanju krila i nosa letjelice kod leta pri brzinama vi\u0161etruko ve\u0107im od brzine zvuka.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 100%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-2' class='gallery galleryid-21029406 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr1-1.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"509\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr1-1-720x509.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-21029417\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr1-1-720x509.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr1-1-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr1-1-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr1-1.jpg 1528w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-21029417'>\n\t\t\t\tFOTO: Ray Mattison\/Design Eye-Q\/Imaginactive.org\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr2.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"509\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr2-720x509.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-21029413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr2-720x509.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr2-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr2-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr2.jpg 1528w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-21029413'>\n\t\t\t\tFOTO: Ray Mattison\/Design Eye-Q\/Imaginactive.org\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr3.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"509\" src=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr3-720x509.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-21029414\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr3-720x509.jpg 720w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr3-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr3-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2016\/01\/skreemr3.jpg 1528w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-21029414'>\n\t\t\t\tFOTO: Ray Mattison\/Design Eye-Q\/Imaginactive.org\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>\u201eRazgovarao sam s <strong>Josephom Hazeltineom<\/strong> (in\u017eenjerom i biv\u0161im ravnateljem agencije RIAC <span class=\"st\">\u2013<\/span> Centra za analizu pouzdanosti informacija pri ameri\u010dkom Ministarstvu obrane), koji mi je predlo\u017eio da upotrijebimo aerodinami\u010dku pojavu pod nazivom<em> long penetration mode (LPM)<\/em>\u201d, izjavio je Bombardier.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"On the Comparison of the Long Penetration Mode (LPM) Supersonic Counterflowing Jet to the ..\" width=\"880\" height=\"495\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/afL8mZwFwMI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Kako funkcionira LPM (CREDIT: NASA STI Program)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Pa poku\u0161ajmo objasniti o \u010demu je rije\u010d&#8230; Za po\u010detak recimo kako bi Antipode uzletio pomo\u0107u dvije rakete montirane na krila doti\u010dnoga, za razliku od Skreemra koji bi se otisnuo uvis putem tzv. magnetskog topa (eng. <em>magnetic railgun<\/em>). Dostigav\u0161i visinu od 12 km, i pritom ubrzav\u0161i na 5 macha, letjelica bi otka\u010dila raketne nosa\u010de, uz istovremeno pokretanje brodskog <em>scramjet<\/em> motora, koji bi letjelicu ubrzao na 24 macha.<\/p>\n<p>Me\u0111utim, tada bi se letjelica po\u010dela opasno pregrijavati, \u0161to Bombardier \u017eeli sprije\u010diti putem ispu\u0161tanja dijela nabijenog zraka, koji bi se kretao nadzvu\u010dnom brzinom kroz mlaznicu na nosu aviona. Taj zrak imao bi za posljedicu stvaranje zra\u010dne struje iz suprotnog smjera, koja bi posljedi\u010dno hladila letjelicu. Na\u017ealost, LPM najbolje funkcionira kod raketa, tj. kod letjelica koje imaju \u0161to manju ukupnu povr\u0161inu.<\/p>\n<p>Iako se iz svega navedenog mo\u017ee zaklju\u010diti da bi LPM bio te\u0161ko ostvariv uz ovakav dizajn Antipodea, tko zna, mo\u017eda se iz ove ideje izrodi neki bolji dizajn.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Izvor:<em> Imaginactive\/Forbes<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Napredna hipersoni\u010dna letjelica koja bi, koriste\u0107i raketne motore, uzletjela iz New Yorka na visinu od 12 km, gdje bi uklju\u010dila napredne nadzvu\u010dne motore u cilju dostizanja brzine od 20 000 km\/h (\u0161to odgovara brzini 24 macha), koji bi ju 11 minuta kasnije doveli u London, novi je projekt kanadskog izumitelja i in\u017eenjera Charlesa Bombardiera. Navedena [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10022,"featured_media":21029418,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16364],"tags":[18205],"class_list":["post-21029406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-inzenjerstvo","tag-avion"],"modified_by":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21029406","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10022"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21029406"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21029406\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21029418"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21029406"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21029406"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geek.hr\/znanost\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21029406"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}